Kurongeka kwehurongwa: nzira yakajeka kubva pa "makuhwa" kuenda ku "mabheti anorema"

Marongerwo eindasitiri yearuminiyamu yeQingshan muIndonesia akagadzira nzira yakajeka:

1. Kugona kuripo kwekugadzira: Huaqing Aluminum Industry, mubatanidzwa neHuafeng Group, iri muQingshan Park yeMorowali, Indonesia, ine kugona kwekugadzira matani 500 000 e electrolytic aluminum muchikamu chekutanga, icho chakatanga kushanda muna 2024, uye chikamu chechipiri chiri padanho rekukwira. Musi wa7 Chivabvu, 2026, Qing Shan yakanyorera zviri pamutemo kuti isanganisire aluminium ingots kubva mupaki muLondon Metal Exchange (LME) delivery brand, zvichiratidza kupinda kwepamutemo kwezvigadzirwa zvayo mu global circulation system.

2. Kuvandudzwa kwazvino: Muna Kubvumbi 2026, Qingshan inoronga kuvaka purojekiti yealuminium ine matani 800000 muWeida Bay Industrial Park muNorth Maluku Province, Indonesia, nekudyara mari inosvika mabhiriyoni matatu emadhora ekuAmerica (anodarika mabhiriyoni makumi maviri eRMB) uye kutsigira mafekitori emagetsi ega. Parizvino, Xidian Zhongte yakahwina bhidhi reodha yekutanga ye rectifier transformer, uye purojekiti iyi yapinda muchikamu chekugadzirira chakasimba.

3. Hurongwa hwenguva refu: Kana mabhizinesi akabatana nevadyidzani vakaita seXinfa Group akabatanidzwa, huwandu hwese hwekugadzira hwakarongeka hweQingshan hwe electrolytic aluminum muIndonesia hwapfuura matani mamiriyoni 2.6, nechinangwa chekuti Indonesia ive "guta rayo rechipiri realuminium".

Kurudziro yehurongwa: Kuputsa tambo uye kutevedzera maitiro

Pfungwa dzeQingshan Cross border Aluminum Industry haisi kungosiyana-siyana chete, asi kupindirana kwakawanda kwakavakirwa pakuwana zviwanikwa, mitemo, uye mamodheru ebhizinesi.

1. Kupfuura nepakati pe "denga" remumba uye zvipingamupinyi zvesimba: Kugona kwekugadzira aruminiyamu yemagetsi emumba kwakaganhurirwa pamutsetse mutsvuku wematani mamiriyoni makumi mana nemashanu, uye mutemo wekudzora simba rekushandisa simba kaviri uri kuramba uchioma, zvichiita kuti zvisave nyore kuwedzera kugona kwekugadzira kutsva. Aruminiyamu yemagetsi ndiyo "tiger yemagetsi", ine mitengo yemagetsi inodarika 30%. Mutengo wemagetsi emagetsi emumba wakakwira, asi Qingshan muIndonesia inogona kudzora mutengo wakazara padanho remakwikwi nekushandisa simba remarasha rinopfuta wega kana magetsi asingadhuri kubva kumagridi akaparadzana, izvo zvinoenderana nepfungwa yayo ye "kukanganisa indasitiri nemutengo wakaderera" mumunda wesimbi ye nickel kare ikako.

2. Kutevedzera kwakakwana kwe "Qingshan Model": Kubudirira kweQingshan muIndonesia kuri mumuenzaniso wayo wakabatana we "kunyungudutsa nzvimbo dzemigodhi". Maindasitiri ealuminium nenickel ane hunhu hwakafanana hwemaindasitiri: zviwanikwa zviripo (Indonesia ine zviwanikwa zvakawanda zve bauxite pasi rose uye zvinodiwa zve "kugadzirisa panzvimbo") uye mhedzisiro yemapaki (tichishandisa zvivakwa zviripo zveIPI neIWIP park, mafekitori matsva ealuminium anogona kugovera madoko, mafekitori emagetsi, nenzvimbo dzekugara, zvichideredza zvakanyanya mari yekudyara uye yekushandisa).

3. Kuvaka humambo hwesimbi ye "nickel aluminum dual core": kudzivirira njodzi imwe chete (kuchinja kwemitengo yeLME nickel kunoita kuti izive nezvenjodzi dzesimbi imwe chete, kuisa indasitiri yealuminum kunogona kugadzirisa kushanduka kwekushanda) uye kubatana kwesimba idzva (aluminum ine kudiwa kukuru munzvimbo dzakadai semagetsi matsva emotokari uye mafuremu e photovoltaic, uye Qingshan ine mabhizinesi emabhatiri akadai seRuipu Lanjun. Kurongeka kwealuminum kunogona kugadzira mhedzisiro yekubatana neketani itsva yeindasitiri yesimba).

Kukanganiswa Kwemaindasitiri: I "Catfish" here kana kuti "Grey Rhinoceros"?

Kupinda kweQingshan muindasitiri yearuminiyamu pamusika wepasi rose wearuminiyamu kwakakosha uye kunofanirwa kusiyaniswa kubva pamaonero enguva refu uye enguva pfupi.

1. Nezvemitengo yearuminiyamu: Kumanikidzwa kwakaipa kwenguva refu kunokunda kukanganisa kwenguva pfupi

Nguva pfupi (gore rimwe kusvika maviri): Kukanganisa kushoma. Chirongwa cheIndonesia chiri kutarisana nematambudziko akadai sekushaikwa kwemagetsi (kuvakwa kwezvigadziko zvemagetsi zvinozvishandira kunowanzova kunonoka pakukwanisa kunyungudutsa) uye rutsigiro rwezvekufambisa, uye kuburitswa chaiko kwemagetsi kunoda nguva. Uye pari zvino, kugona kwekugadzira kwakarongwa kunonyanya kutsiva kudzikiswa kwemagetsi emuno, kwete kungowedzera.

Nguva refu (makore 3-5): kuderera kwemitengo. Kugona kugadzira zvinhu zvine 2.6 miriyoni matani + mutengo wakaderera kwakaunzwa neQingshan kuchawedzera zvakanyanya kusimba kwekugadzirwa kwearuminiyamu pasi rose. Izvi zvakafanana nekukanganiswa kwesimbi yeIndonesia nickel pamusika wepasi rose wenickel munguva yakapfuura, izvo zvichaderedza mitengo yearuminiyamu pasi rose uye kuderedza purofiti yenzvimbo dzinodhura zvakanyanya (dzakadai seEurope neChina, idzo dzinovimba zvishoma nekukwanisa kugadzira magetsi egrid).

2. NezveMamiriro Ebasa: Kugadzirisa Patsva Chain Yezvekugovera Pasi Rose

Kukura kweIndonesia: Makambani ekuChina akadai seQingshan neHongqiao ari kuisa mari yakawanda muIndonesia, zvichiita kuti ishanduke kubva ku "nyika inotumira bauxite kunze kwenyika" kuenda ku "nyika inogadzira aruminiyamu yemagetsi". Mune ramangwana, Southeast Asia inogona kuva nzvimbo yakakosha yepasi rose yekugovera aruminiyamu, ichichinja maitiro aripo iye zvino ari kutungamirirwa neMiddle East neChina.

Kuchinja kwekutengeserana: Nekuburitswa kwesimba rekugadzira reIndonesia, maChinesekugadzirisa aruminiyamuMakambani anogona kutenga mamwe ma ingts ealuminium kana mvura yealuminium kubva kuIndonesia, uye kukwikwidzana kwekutengeswa kweingot dzealuminium dzemuno kuchaderera nekuda kwekusiyana kwemitengo.

Yambiro yeNjodzi: 'Munondo weDamocles' usingafaniri kufuratirwa

Njodzi yemutemo: Mitemo yehurumende yeIndonesia iri kuchinja nguva dzose (yakadai sekurambidzwa kwekutengeswa kwe nickel ore), uye tinofanira kungwarira nezvekugadzirisa kwayo kutengeswa kwe bauxite kana mitemo yekushanda kwe smelter.

Kumanikidzwa kweESG: Mafekitori mazhinji ealuminium ekuIndonesia ane mafekitori emagetsi anozvishandira ega anoshandiswa nemarasha, izvo zvinogona kutarisana nemitero yekabhoni kana zvirambidzo zvemari kana tichitarisa kusapindira kwekabhoni pasi rose, zvichiwedzera mari isingatarisirwi.

Pfupiso

Indasitiri yeAluminium yeQingshan Cross border isarudzo isingadzivisike yemakambani makuru ezviwanikwa ari pasi pekumanikidzwa kwemutemo. Inotarisa pazvinhu zviviri zvinotungamira "zviwanikwa & simba" zvakafanana neindasitiri yealuminum nenickel, pamwe nekuderera kwemitengo muIndonesia. Kune indasitiri yealuminum, izvi zvinoreva kuvhurwa kwenguva inodhura zvishoma uye kusimudzwa kwezvipingamupinyi zvemakwikwi. Vanoisa mari mumaindasitiri vanofanirwa kungwarira nezvekuburitswa kwesimba rekugadzira zvinhu zvakachipa mune ramangwana izvo zvichaderedza mitengo, ukuwo vachitarisawo kukanganisa kwekupinda kweingot yealuminum muIndonesia pamitengo yedunhu. Danho iri raitwa naQing Shan harisi rekukonzera matambudziko, asi kuderedza kugadziriswa uye kuramwa mabasa.