Ngomhla wama-28 ku-Epreli, uMphathiswa wezeMigodi waseGuinea ukhuphe ngokusesikweni idatha ebonisa ukuba, ngenxa yemfuno eqhubekayo evela kwiimarike zangaphandle, imveliso ye-bauxite yelizwe kwikota yokuqala ka-2026 ifikelele kunyuko olukhulu lwe-25%. Kwangaxeshanye, ejongene nengxaki yangoku yamaxabiso aphantsi e-bauxite, urhulumente waseGuinea uceba ukuphumeza imiqathango yokuthumela ngaphandle ukuze anyuse amaxabiso ezimbiwa kwaye akhusele ukusinda kunye nophuhliso lwamashishini amancinci emigodi yasekhaya.

Ngokwedatha eneenkcukacha, kwikota yokuqala ka-2026, umthamo wokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-bauxite yaseGuinea unyuke kakhulu, ufikelela malunga ne-60.9 yezigidi zeetoni, ukwanda kwe-25.3% xa kuthelekiswa ne-48.6 yezigidi zeetoni kwixesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo. Ukukhula kabini komthamo wemveliso kunye nowokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kubonisa imfuno enamandla ye-bauxite yaseGuinea kwimarike yehlabathi. Njengobukumkani be-bauxite behlabathi, iindawo zokugcina i-bauxite zaseGuinea zimalunga ne-25% yezinto zokugcina zehlabathi kwaye zisisiseko senkxaso yehlabathi.imboni ye-aluminiumuthotho lobonelelo. Imveliso yayo kunye neendlela zayo zokuthumela ngaphandle zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo indlela yokubonelela nge-bauxite kunye nepatheni yemfuno yehlabathi.

Okumangalisayo kukuba, ukunyuka komthamo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe akuzange kukhokelele ekunyukeni kwamaxabiso e-bauxite, kodwa endaweni yoko kubonise ukwehla okuqhubekayo. Ngokwedatha yamva nje yokubeka esweni evela kwinkampani yokubonisana, ixabiso le-bauxite yaseGuinea liye lehla laya kwi-$32 ukuya kwi-$38 ngetoni, nto leyo ephawula eyona nqanaba liphantsi ukusukela ngoMatshi 2022. Ixabiso eliphantsi liye lacinezela ngokuthe ngqo imida yenzuzo yeenkampani zemigodi, nto leyo enegalelo elikhulu kakhulu kubavukuzi abancinci.

Enyanisweni, urhulumente waseGuinea kudala exhalabile ngexabiso eliphantsi le-bauxite. Umphathiswa wezokumbiwa watyhila eluntwini kwasekuqaleni kukaMatshi ukuba urhulumente uceba ukuphumeza imiqathango yokuthumela ngaphandle ngo-Epreli. Umphathiswa ucacisile ngokucacileyo ukuba imfuno yemarike ebuthathaka yangoku ikhokelele ekucinezelweni okukhulu kwemida yenzuzo kumashishini endawo yokwemba, ingakumbi kubavukuzi abancinci abajongene noxinzelelo lokusinda. Injongo ephambili yemiqathango yokuthumela ngaphandle ephunyeziweyo kwesi sicwangciso kukulungisa umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle ukuze kunyuswe amaxabiso e-bauxite, kuqinisekiswe ingeniso efanelekileyo yamashishini endawo yokwemba, kunye nokulawula ucwangco lwemarike yeendawo zokwemba.

Ngokuphathelele indlela eyalandelayo yemarike, abahlalutyi benze isigqibo esicacileyo: nangona ukuthunyelwa kwe-bauxite eGuinea kuhlale kuqinile ngo-Epreli, kunye nokuphunyezwa ngokusemthethweni kwemiqathango karhulumente yokuthumela ngaphandle, kulindeleke ukuba ukukhula kwemveliso ye-bauxite yelizwe kuye kwehla kakhulu kamva ngo-2026. Abantu abangaphakathi kushishino bongeze ngelithi njengelizwe elithumela i-bauxite ngaphandle kakhulu kwihlabathi, ukuphunyezwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yokuthintela ukuthumela ngaphandle eGuinea akuyi kuchaphazela kuphela isantya semveliso yemigodi yasekhaya, kodwa kunokudlulisela ngakumbi kwikhonkco leshishini le-aluminium lehlabathi, okubangela impembelelo yekhonkco kwiindleko kunye nokunikezelwa kwamashishini asezantsi afana ne-alumina kunye ne-aluminium ye-electrolytic.

Kubikwa ukuba imiqathango yokuthumela ngaphandle ecwangcisiweyo eGuinea ngeli xesha ayikokuthintela ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kodwa yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuzinzisa amaxabiso ngokulawula umthamo wokuthumela kwamanye amazwe nokulawula ubungakanani be-ore efakwa kwimarike. Le yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuba ilizwe likwazi ukumelana ne-bauxite engaphezulu kwemveliso yehlabathi kunye nokuhla kwamaxabiso. Ngaphambili, urhulumente waseGuinea wayengenelele kwimarike yezemigodi ngokudibanisa amalungelo emigodi kunye nemveliso esemgangathweni. Ukuphunyezwa kwemiqathango yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe ngeli xesha kuya kubonisa ngakumbi ukuzimisela kwalo ukugcina uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lweshishini lezemigodi lasekhaya.