Ngomhlaka-28 kuMbasa, uMnyango Wezimayini waseGuinea ukhiphe ngokusemthethweni idatha ekhombisa ukuthi, ngenxa yesidingo esiqhubekayo esivela ezimakethe zakwamanye amazwe, ukukhiqizwa kwe-bauxite ezweni kwikota yokuqala ka-2026 kufinyelele ukwanda okukhulu ngo-25%. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ebhekene nenkinga yamanje yamanani aphansi e-bauxite, uhulumeni waseGuinea uhlela ukusebenzisa imikhawulo yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe ukuze akhuphule amanani ezimbiwa futhi avikele ukusinda kanye nentuthuko yamabhizinisi amancane okumba asekhaya.

Ngokusho kwedatha eningiliziwe, kwikota yokuqala ka-2026, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe we-bauxite yaseGuinea ukhuphuke kakhulu, wafinyelela cishe kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-60.9, ukwanda ngo-25.3% uma kuqhathaniswa namathani ayizigidi ezingama-48.6 esikhathini esifanayo ngonyaka odlule. Ukukhula okubili komthamo wokukhiqiza nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kugqamisa isidingo esinamandla se-bauxite yaseGuinea emakethe yomhlaba wonke. Njengombuso we-bauxite womhlaba wonke, izindawo zokugcina i-bauxite zaseGuinea zingu-25% wezindawo zokugcina zomhlaba wonke futhi ziyisisekelo esiyinhloko somhlaba wonke.imboni ye-aluminiumuchungechunge lokuhlinzeka. Ukuguquguquka kwalo kokukhiqiza nokuthumela kwamanye amazwe kuthinta ngqo iphethini yokuhlinzekwa kwe-bauxite yomhlaba wonke kanye nephethini yokufunwa.

Ngokumangazayo, ukwanda kwenani lokuthumela kwamanye amazwe akuzange kuholele ekubuyeni kwentengo ye-bauxite, kodwa kunalokho kubonise ukwehla okuqhubekayo. Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva yokuqapha evela enkampanini yokubonisana, intengo ye-bauxite yaseGuinea yehle yaya ku-$32 yaya ku-$38 ngethani, okuphawula iphuzu eliphansi kakhulu kusukela ngoMashi 2022. Intengo ephansi inciphise ngqo inzuzo yezinkampani zezimayini, ngomthelela obalulekile kakhulu kubavukuzi abancane.

Eqinisweni, uhulumeni waseGuinea ubelokhu ekhathazekile ngentengo ephansi ye-bauxite. Ungqongqoshe wezokumbiwa phansi wembulela umphakathi ekuqaleni kukaMashi ukuthi uhulumeni uhlela ukusebenzisa imikhawulo yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe ngo-Ephreli. Ungqongqoshe usho ngokusobala ukuthi isidingo samanje semakethe esibuthakathaka siholele ekucindezelweni okukhulu kwenzuzo yamabhizinisi ezimayini, ikakhulukazi kubavukuzi abancane ababhekene nengcindezi yokusinda. Inhloso eyinhloko yemikhawulo yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe esetshenziswe kulolu hlelo ukulungisa ivolumu yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe ukuze kukhushulwe amanani e-bauxite, kuqinisekiswe imali engenayo efanelekile yamabhizinisi ezimayini asekhaya, futhi kulawulwe ukuhleleka kwemakethe yezimayini.

Ngokuphathelene nomkhuba wemakethe olandelayo, abahlaziyi benze isinqumo esicacile: yize ukuthunyelwa kwe-bauxite eGuinea kuhlale kuqinile ngo-Ephreli, ngokuqaliswa okusemthethweni kwemikhawulo kahulumeni yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe, kulindeleke ukuthi ukukhula komkhiqizo we-bauxite wezwe kuzoncipha kakhulu kamuva ngo-2026. Abangaphakathi embonini bangeze ngokuthi njengenkampani ethumela i-bauxite enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ukusetshenziswa kwezinqubomgomo zokuvimbela ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eGuinea ngeke kuthinte kuphela ijubane lokukhiqizwa kwezimayini zasekhaya, kodwa futhi kungase kudluliselwe ochungechungeni lwemboni ye-aluminium yomhlaba wonke, okubangela umthelela wochungechunge ezindleleni nasekuhlinzekweni kwezimboni ezingezansi njenge-alumina ne-aluminium ye-electrolytic.

Kubikwa ukuthi imikhawulo yokuthumela ngaphandle ehleliwe eGuinea kulokhu akuyona into evimbela ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kodwa iyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuzinzisa amanani ngokulawula umthamo wokuthumela kwamanye amazwe nokulawula inani le-ore elifakwa emakethe. Lesi futhi isinyathelo esibalulekile sokuba izwe libhekane nokwanda kokuhlinzekwa kwe-bauxite emhlabeni wonke kanye nokwehla kwentengo. Ngaphambilini, uhulumeni waseGuinea wayengenelele emakethe yezimayini ngokuhlanganiswa kwamalungelo okumba kanye nokukhiqizwa okujwayelekile. Ukuqaliswa kwemikhawulo yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe kulokhu kuzobonisa ukuzimisela kwalo ukugcina intuthuko ezinzile yemboni yezimayini yasekhaya.