Ishishini le-semiconductor lifuna izixhobo ezilungelelanisa amandla oomatshini angaqhelekanga, uzinzo oluchanekileyo, ulawulo oluphezulu lobushushu, kunye nemigangatho yococeko engqongqo. Njengomboneleli oyintloko wezisombululo ze-aluminium ezisebenzayo, i-Ii-aluminium alloys ze-6000 zothotho—ngokuyintloko i-6061-T6/T651, i-6063-T5/T6, kunye neendidi ezikhethekileyo ze-semiconductor-grade—zenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zokwenza izixhobo ze-semiconductor, iinkqubo zokucubungula i-wafer, kunye nokwenziwa kwezinto ezichanekileyo. Esi sikhokelo sihlola iimpawu zezinto, izibonelelo eziphambili, iinkqubo zokuvelisa, kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa kweemveliso zethu ze-aluminium ze-6000 series, ezenzelwe ukuxhasa abathengi be-semiconductor behlabathi ekufezekiseni isivuno esiphezulu, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo kwexesha elide.

1. Iipropati zezinto ezingundoqo ze-6000 Series Alloys ze-Aluminium ze-Semiconductors

Ii-alloy ze-aluminium ezingama-6000 zezenkqubo ye-Al-Mg-Si, kunye ne-magnesium (Mg) kunye ne-silicon (Si) njengezona zinto ziphambili zokudibanisa, okuvumela ukomelela okunyangwa ngobushushu ngokwenziwa kwee-precipitates ze-Mg₂Si. Kwizicelo ze-semiconductor, siphucula ukwakheka kwe-alloy kunye nonyango lobushushu ukuze sibeke phambili iimilinganiselo ezine zokusebenza ezibalulekileyo:

a. Amandla oomatshini kunye nozinzo lobukhulu

I-aluminium yethu ye-6061-T6/T651 inika amandla okutsalwa angama-276–310 MPa kunye namandla okuvelisa angama-220–252 MPa, inika amandla okuthwala umthwalo aqinileyo kwiinxalenye zesakhiwo kwiimashini zokugrumba ze-semiconductor, iinkqubo zokubeka, kunye neerobhothi zokuphatha iiwafer [4]. Imeko yokuthomalaliswa koxinzelelo lwe-T651 iphucula ngakumbi uzinzo lobukhulu, inciphisa ukuguquguquka phantsi kokujikeleza kobushushu kunye noxinzelelo loomatshini—okubalulekileyo ekugcineni ukuchaneka kwenqanaba le-submicron kwizixhobo zokwenza ii-semiconductor.

Kwizicelo ezifuna ukugqitywa okuphezulu komphezulu kunye nokwakheka, ezifana nezixhobo ze-semiconductor ezichanekileyo kunye neefreyimu ze-wafer carrier, i-aluminium yethu ye-6063-T5/T6 inika iprofayili elungeleleneyo enamandla okutsalwa angama-200–240 MPa kunye nokuqina okugqwesileyo kokukhupha, okuqinisekisa ulawulo oluqinileyo lokunyamezelana (± 0.05 mm) kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo zesakhiwo [9]. Zombini ii-alloys zibonisa uxinano oluphantsi lwe-2.70 g/cm³, okunciphisa ubunzima bezixhobo ze-semiconductor ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni ukunyaniseka kwesakhiwo—inzuzo ephambili kwiinkqubo zokuphatha ezenzekelayo kunye ne-logistics yegumbi elicocekileyo.

b. Ukusebenza kobushushu

Ulawulo lobushushu lubaluleke kakhulu ekucutshungulweni kwe-semiconductor, apho ukuguquguquka okukhulu kobushushu kunokubangela ukuqhekeka kwe-wafer, ukungalingani, okanye ukuncipha kwemveliso yesixhobo. Ii-aluminium zethu ze-aluminium ze-6000 series zibonelela ngokuhanjiswa kobushushu okuphezulu: i-6061-T6 inika i-180–210 W/(m·K), ngelixa i-6063-T6 inika i-205–220 W/(m·K), idlula intsimbi engagqwaliyo ngaphezulu kwe-300% kwaye ivumela ukusasazwa kobushushu okukhawulezayo, okufanayo.

Siphucula ngakumbi uzinzo lobushushu ngokulawula ngokungqongqo izinto ezingacocekanga (umz., iFe, iCu, iZn), sinciphisa i-thermal expansion coefficient ukuya kwi-22–24 × 10⁻⁶/°C (20–100°C). Oku kunciphisa ukuguquguquka kobushushu ngexesha lamanyathelo okucubungula ubushushu obuphezulu anje ngokuqhoboshela nokusila, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinto ezibalulekileyo zigcina ubungakanani obuchanekileyo kulo lonke umjikelo wemveliso.

c. Ucoceko kunye nokumelana nongcoliseko

Iindawo zokuvelisa ii-semiconductor zifuna ukukhupha igesi kancinci kakhulu kunye nokukhupha amasuntswana ukuze kuthintelwe ukungcoliswa kwe-wafer. Ii-alloys zethu ze-semiconductor-grade 6000 series ziveliswa ngezinto eziluhlaza ezicocekileyo kakhulu kunye neenkqubo zokucocwa ezizimeleyo, zinciphisa umxholo wegesi oseleyo ukuya kwi-<0.15 ml/100g Al kunye noxinano lwamasuntswana ukuya kwi-<5 particles/cm² (>0.5 μm).

Sisebenzisa iindlela ezingqongqo zokunyanga umphezulu, kuquka ukupholisha nge-electropolishing kunye nokudibanisa (ubude obuyi-10–50 μm), ukuze senze umaleko we-oxide oqinileyo nokhuselayo omelana nokugqwala okuvela kwiikhemikhali zokucoca (umz., HF, H₂SO₄) kwaye uthintele ukunamathela kwamasuntswana. Oku kwenza ii-alloys zethu zilungele izikhululo zokucoca ezimanzi, iinkqubo zokuhambisa iikhemikhali, kunye nezixhobo zegumbi lokucoca apho ulawulo longcoliseko lungenakuxoxiswana.

d. Ukuguquguquka koomatshini kunye nokwenziwa

Ii-alloys zethu ze-aluminium ze-6000 series zilungiselelweumatshini wokugaya i-CNC ochanekileyo kakhulu,ngentsebenzo entle yokususa iitshiphusi kunye nokungonakali kwezixhobo. I-6061-T6 inika ukudityaniswa okuhle, okuvumela ukwenziwa kwezixhobo ezinkulu ezidityanisiweyo ngokuthembeka okuphezulu, ngelixa i-6063-T6 igqwesile kwizicelo zokukhupha kunye nokugoba, ixhasa ukuveliswa kweeprofayili ezintsonkothileyo ezifana nezinki zobushushu, iityhubhu zokuhambisa ulwelo, kunye neendawo zokuvalela iinzwa.

Sinikezela ngoluhlu olupheleleyo lweemveliso—kuquka iipleyiti ze-aluminium (ubukhulu obuyi-0.5–200 mm), iibhari (ububanzi obuyi-10–500 mm), iityhubhu (ububanzi obungaphandle obuyi-5–300 mm), kunye neeprofayili ezenziwe ngokwezifiso—ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zecandelo le-semiconductor. Zonke iimveliso zihlolwa ngokungqongqo, kubandakanya ukuchaneka kobukhulu, uburhabaxa bomphezulu (Ra ≤ 0.2 μm), kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwepropathi yoomatshini, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe (ASTM, ISO, JIS).

2. Iingenelo eziphambili ze-aluminium yethu yochungechunge lwe-6000 kubaxumi be-semiconductor

a. Izisombululo zezinto ezenziwe ngokwezifiso

Sisebenzisana ngokusondeleyo nabathengi ukuze silungelelanise ii-alloys zochungechunge ezingama-6000 ngokweemfuno ezithile zesicelo:

- I-semiconductor-grade 6061 SP: Yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kococeko oluphezulu njengezixhobo zokufakelwa kwee-ion kunye neenkqubo zokuhlola ii-wafer, kunye nokusebenza okuphuculweyo kwe-anodization kunye nokunciphisa ukuphuma kwegesi.

- Amandla aphezulu 6061-T651: Ilungele izixhobo zesakhiwo ezinzima kwizixhobo ze-semiconductor lithography kunye namagumbi okusebenza, inika uzinzo oluphezulu phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezinzima.

- I-6063-T6 ephuculiweyo yokukhupha ubushushu: Ifanelekile kwizinki zobushushu ezichanekileyo kakhulu, iinkqubo zokupholisa ulwelo, kunye nezixhobo ezichanekileyo, ezinomphezulu ogqwesileyo kunye nokunyamezela ukukhupha ubushushu okuqinileyo.

b. Ukuthembeka kweTyathanga lokuNikezela ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni

Njengomvelisi we-aluminium osebenza ngokupheleleyo, sinikezela ngenkxaso ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni, ukusuka ekukhethweni kwezinto eziluhlaza kunye noyilo lwe-alloy ukuya ekuchwethezeni ngokuchanekileyo kunye nonyango lomphezulu. Inkqubo yethu yokulawula umgangatho wangaphakathi iqinisekisa ukulandeleka kuyo yonke inkqubo yemveliso, kwaye ibhetshi nganye ihamba neengxelo zovavanyo ezineenkcukacha ezibandakanya ukwakheka kweekhemikhali, iipropati zoomatshini, kunye nedatha yococeko. Sikwabonelela ngolawulo oluguquguqukayo lwezinto ezikhoyo kunye nokuhanjiswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, sixhasa iimodeli zemveliso zabathengi be-semiconductor ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wekhonkco lokubonelela.

c. Ukusebenza Okufanelekileyo Ngeendleko

Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto ezifana nentsimbi engagqwaliyo kunye ne-titanium, ii-aluminium zethu ze-6000 series alloys zibonelela ngomlinganiselo ophezulu wamandla-ubunzima ngexabiso eliphantsi, zinciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa izixhobo ngama-20-30% ngelixa ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla. Ubuchule obuhle bokusebenza kwee-alloys zethu bunciphisa ixesha lokuvelisa kunye neendleko zezixhobo, buphucula ukusebenza kakuhle ngokubanzi kwabavelisi bezixhobo ze-semiconductor kunye nabasebenzisi bokugqibela.

3. Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwiMveliso yeeSemiconductor

a. Izixhobo zeSemiconductor

Iipleyiti zethu ze-aluminium ze-6061-T6/T651 kunye neebhari zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni iifreyimu zezixhobo eziphambili, imizimba yegumbi, kunye nezakhiwo zokuxhasa iinkqubo zokukrola, zokubeka, kunye nezokufaka. Amandla aphezulu kunye nokuzinza kobukhulu bezi alloys kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide kwezixhobo eziphambili, ngelixa ukuhanjiswa kobushushu okuphezulu kuxhasa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo phantsi kweemeko zokucubungula okuqhubekayo.

b. Ukuphathwa kweWafer echanekileyo kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo

Izinto eziphuma kwi-aluminium ze-6063-T6 kunye nezinto ezenziwe ngomatshini zilungele abathwali be-wafer, iirobhothi zokudlulisa, kunye nezixhobo zokubeka izinto. Ukugqitywa komphezulu okugqwesileyo kunye nokukhutshwa kwamasuntswana aphantsi kwezi mveliso kuthintela umonakalo kunye nongcoliseko lwe-wafer, ngelixa uyilo olukhaphukhaphu luphucula isantya kunye nokuchaneka kweenkqubo zokuphatha ezizenzekelayo.

c. Iinkqubo zoLawulo loBushushu

Ukuqhuba okuphezulu kobushushu kwenza i-thermal yethuIi-aluminium alloys ze-6000 zothothoOlu khetho lukhethwayo kwiisinki zobushushu ze-semiconductor, iipleyiti zokupholisa, kunye neetyhubhu zokuhambisa ulwelo. Nokuba kwiimodyuli ze-laser ezinamandla aphezulu okanye kwiinkqubo zokulawula ubushushu be-wafer, ii-alloys zethu ziyawususa ubushushu ngempumelelo, zigcina amaqondo obushushu okucubungula azinzileyo kwaye ziphucula imveliso yesixhobo.

d. Iinkqubo zokucubungula iikhemikhali kunye ne-vacuum

I-aluminium yethu yoluhlu lwe-semiconductor 6000 series, enokumelana nokugqwala okuphuculweyo kunye nokungaphumi kwegesi eninzi, ifanelekile kwizikhululo zokucoca ezimanzi, imibhobho yokuhambisa iikhemikhali, kunye nezixhobo zegumbi lokucoca. Umaleko womphezulu odityanisiweyo uyamelana nokukhukuliseka kweekhemikhali, uqinisekisa ubomi benkonzo yexesha elide kwaye unciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa kwemigca yemveliso ye-semiconductor.

4. Ulawulo loMgangatho kunye neSatifikethi

Zonke iimveliso zethu ze-aluminium ezingama-6000 zezicelo ze-semiconductor ziyahambelana nemigangatho yomgangatho nokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe, kuquka imigangatho ye-ISO 9001, i-ISO 14001, kunye ne-SEMICON yezixhobo ze-semiconductor. Sisebenzisa inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho ebanzi, kunye nolawulo olungqongqo kuzo zonke izigaba:

a. Ukuhlolwa kweZinto eziluhlaza: Ii-ingots ze-aluminium ezicocekileyo kakhulu (ubumsulwa obuyi-99.9%) ziyavavanywa ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho wezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo.

b. Ukunyibilikisa nokuCoca: Iinkqubo zokucoca ubunini (i-argon gas rotation injection, i-online degassing) zinciphisa umxholo we-hydrogen kunye nezinto ezifakiweyo, ziphucula uxinano lwezinto kunye nokucoceka.

c. Unyango lobushushu: Isisombululo esiqinileyo esilawulwa ngokuchanekileyo (515–530°C) kunye nokuguga okwenziweyo (160–190°C) iinkqubo ziphucula iipropati zoomatshini kunye nokuzinza kobushushu.

d. Ukulungiswa kweMishini kunye noPhakathi: Ukulungiswa kweMishini ye-CNC ngezixhobo ezichanekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kobukhulu; ukupholisha nge-electropolishing kunye nokufakelwa kwe-anodization kwenziwa kwiindawo ezicocekileyo zegumbi ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zolawulo longcoliseko.

e. Uhlolo lokugqibela: Uhlolo olupheleleyo lweeparameter eziphambili—kuquka ukunyamezelana kobukhulu, uburhabaxa bomphezulu, amandla oomatshini, kunye nococeko—luqinisekisa ukuhambelana nokuthembeka kwemveliso.

5.Kutheni Ukhetha ii-Aluminium zethu ze-6000 Series Alloys?

Ngenxa yeminyaka yobuchule kwicandelo lezinto ze-aluminium, sifumene ulwazi olunzulu ngemingeni yezinto ezijongene neshishini le-semiconductor. Ii-aluminium zethu ze-aluminium ze-6000 series azizomveliso ezisemgangathweni jikelele, kodwa zizisombululo zezinto ezilungiselelwe wena ngokukodwa ezenzelwe ukwenziwa kwe-semiconductor, ezigubungela zonke iimeko ukusuka kwizinto ezichanekileyo ukuya kwiindawo zesakhiwo sezixhobo ezinkulu.

Sinikezela ngeenkonzo ezinikezelwa kwindawo enye kuquka ukubonisana ngokukhetha izinto, umatshini owenziwe ngokwezifiso, unyango lomphezulu, kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa ukunceda abathengi be-semiconductor behlabathi banciphise imijikelo ye-R&D, banciphise iindleko zemveliso, kwaye baphucule ukhuphiswano lwemveliso. Nokuba ufuna umgangatho oqhelekileyo, kufuneka ucwangciselwe ukuba uyisebenzise.Izixhobo ze-aluminium ezingama-6061/6063okanye ii-alloys ze-semiconductor ezikhethekileyo eziphezulu, singakunika inkxaso yezinto ezizinzileyo nezithembekileyo zokukhula kweshishini lakho ngobuchule bobuchwephesha.

Zive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nathi nangaliphi na ixesha ukuze uxoxe ngeemfuno zakho zesicelo se-semiconductor, nto leyo evumela ukuba ii-aluminium ze-aluminium ze-6000 series ezisebenza kakuhle zisebenze njengesiseko esiqinileyo sokuvelisa izixhobo zakho ze-semiconductor.