Humanoid robots tau tsiv tawm ntawm chav kuaj mus rau kev lag luam loj ntau lawm, thiab ntsuas lub teeb yuag thiab lub zog muaj zog tau dhau los ua qhov kev sib tw tseem ceeb.

 
Raws li cov khoom siv hlau uas sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub teeb yuag, lub zog siab, thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion, aluminium yog ua tiav kev nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li pob qij txha, pob txha, kev sib kis, thiab cov plhaub ntawm humanoid robots.

 
Raws li qhov kawg ntawm 2024, lub ntiaj teb xav tau raualuminium alloysHauv kev lag luam humanoid neeg hlau tau nce los ntawm 62% xyoo-rau-xyoo, dhau los ua lwm qhov chaw tawg rau kev siv txhuas tom qab lub zog tshiab.

 
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm aluminium alloy ua rau nws nyiam cov khoom siv hlau rau humanoid robots. Nws qhov ceev tsuas yog ib feem peb ntawm cov hlau, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua tiav lub zog piv rau qee cov hlau los ntawm kev sib piv alloy thiab cov txheej txheem optimization. Piv txwv li, lub zog tshwj xeeb (lub zog / qhov sib piv) ntawm 7 series aviation txhuas (7075-T6) tuaj yeem ncav cuag 200 MPa / (g / cm ³), uas yog superior rau feem ntau engineering plastics, thiab ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv tshav kub dissipation thiab electromagnetic shielding.

 
Nyob rau hauv lub iteration ntawm Tesla Optimus-Gen2, nws cov ceg pob txha pob txha raug txo los ntawm 15% siv aluminium magnesium alloy, thaum tuav cov txheej txheem rigidity los ntawm topology optimization tsim; Boston Dynamics 'Atlas neeg hlau siv lub zog muaj zog txhuas los tsim cov hauv caug sib koom ua ke sib kis los tiv thaiv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev dhia ntau zaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tshuab ua kom txias ntawm Ubiquitous Walker X tau txais lub plhaub txhuas tuag, uas siv cov thermal conductivity ntawm txhuas (kwv yees 200 W / m · K) kom ua tiav kev tswj xyuas thermal.
Tam sim no, kev siv thev naus laus zis ntawm txhuas nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm humanoid robots txuas ntxiv mus, thiab ntau qhov kev sib tw tau tshwm sim hauv ntau qhov sib txuas ntawm kev lag luam saw:

1. Kev ua tau zoo dhia ntawm lub zog siabaluminium alloycov ntaub ntawv
Tom qab kev tso tawm ntawm aluminium silicon alloy nrog lub zog tensile ntawm 450MPa thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 2024, Lizhong Group (300428) tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj qib aerospace rau nws cov 7xxx series aluminium alloy tshwj xeeb tsim rau cov neeg hlau thaum Lub Ib Hlis 2025. Cov khoom no tau nce nws lub zog yield mus rau 580MPa 5% kev siv tshuab thiab kev tswj hwm microalloying. mus rau biomimetic lub hauv caug sib koom module ntawm Fourier Intelligence, txo qhov hnyav los ntawm 32% piv rau cov kev daws teeb meem titanium. Tag nrho cov khoom siv txhuas txhuas lub cev tsim los ntawm Mingtai Aluminium Kev Lag Luam (601677) tau txais cov tshuaj tsuag tso tawm ua cov thev naus laus zis los ua kom cov thermal conductivity ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob radiator mus rau 240W / (m · K), thiab tau muab nkag rau hauv ntau raws li lub zog tsav rau Yushu Technology's H1 humanoid neeg hlau.

 
2. Kev lag luam qib kev ua tiav hauv kev siv tshuab tuag-casting
Lub ntiaj teb thawj 9800T ob lub phaj super tuag-casting ntau lawm kab muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm los ntawm Wencan Corporation (603348) ntawm nws lub hauv paus Chongqing tau compressed lub voj voog tsim ntawm humanoid neeg hlau skeletons los ntawm 72 teev mus rau 18 teev. Cov txheej txheem biomimetic pob txha pob txha tsim los ntawm nws tau ua kom zoo dua los ntawm kev tsim topology, txo cov ntsiab lus vuam los ntawm 72%, ua tiav lub zog ntawm cov qauv ntawm 800MPa, thiab tswj cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ntau dua 95%. Cov thev naus laus zis no tau txais kev txiav txim los ntawm North American cov neeg siv khoom thiab lub Hoobkas hauv Mexico tam sim no tab tom tsim kho. Guangdong Hongtu (002101) tau tsim cov phab ntsa nyias-walled tuag cam khwb cia txhuas plhaub nrog phab ntsa tuab ntawm tsuas yog 1.2 hli tab sis ua tiav 30kN cuam tshuam, uas yog siv rau lub hauv siab tiv thaiv qauv ntawm Uber Walker X.

3. Innovation nyob rau hauv precision machining thiab haumxeeb kev koom ua ke
Nanshan Aluminium Kev Lag Luam (600219), koom tes nrog National Engineering Center rau Lub Teeb Alloys ntawm Shanghai Jiao Tong University, yuav tso tawm nano reinforced aluminium raws li cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw nyob rau lub Ob Hlis 2025. Cov khoom no tau ntxiv dag zog los ntawm dispersing silicon carbide nanoparticles, txo cov thermal expansion coefficient rau 8 × 10 ⁻, ua tiav ⁻ ⁻. Thaum tshav kub kub dissipation ntawm servo motors. Nws tau raug qhia rau Tesla Optimus Gen3 cov saw hlau. Aluminium graphene composite electromagnetic shielding txheej tsim los ntawm Yinbang Co., Ltd. (300337) muaj kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm 70dB hauv 10GHz zaus band thiab thickness ntawm 0.25mm, uas yog siv rau lub taub hau sensor array ntawm Boston Dynamics Atlas.

 
4. Cov pa roj carbon tsawg tsawg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv dua tshiab
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshiab tau siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshiab ntawm Aluminium Corporation ntawm Tuam Tshoj (601600) tuaj yeem tswj cov tooj liab thiab hlau impurity cov ntsiab lus hauv cov khib nyiab txhuas hauv qab 5ppm, thiab txo cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab los ntawm 78% piv rau thawj txhuas. Cov thev naus laus zis no tau lees paub los ntawm EU Txoj Cai Cov Khoom Siv Tseem Ceeb thiab xav tias yuav muab LCA (tag nrho lifecycle) ua raws cov ntaub ntawv txhuas rau Zhiyuan neeg hlau pib hauv Q2 2025.

5. Hla kev qhuab qhia kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev siv tshuab
Hauv kev nthuav dav ntawm aerospace qib scenarios, biomimetic honeycomb aluminium qauv tsim los ntawm Beijing Iron Man Technology tau raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm Harbin Institute of Technology, txo qhov hnyav ntawm bipedal neeg hlau lub cev los ntawm 30% thiab nce nws cov bending txhav los ntawm 40%. Cov qauv siv 7075-T6 aviation txhuas thiab ua tiav qhov nruj ntawm 12GPa · m ³ / kg los ntawm kev tsim biomimetic. Nws yog npaj los siv rau qhov chaw nres tsheb chaw tu neeg hlau pib hauv Q4 2025.

 
Cov kev siv thev naus laus zis no tau tsav lub tshuab siv ib leeg ntawm txhuas hauv humanoid robots los ntawm 20kg / unit hauv 2024 txog 28kg / unit hauv 2025, thiab tus nqi hwm ntawm high-end aluminium kuj tau nce los ntawm 15% mus rau 35%.

 
Nrog rau kev siv ntawm "Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Tsim Kho Tshiab ntawm Humanoid Robot Kev Lag Luam" los ntawm Ministry of Industry thiab Information Technology, kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm txhuas cov ntaub ntawv hauv kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev ua haujlwm yuav txuas ntxiv mus. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 2024, Ministry of Industry thiab Information Technology tau tshaj tawm "Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Txhim Kho Tshiab ntawm Humanoid Robot Kev Lag Luam", uas tau hais meej lub hom phiaj ntawm "sib tsoo los ntawm cov khoom siv hnyav thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom", thiab suav nrog aluminium alloy precision forming thev naus laus zis hauv cov ntawv tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob tseem ceeb.

 
Nyob rau hauv lub zos, Shanghai yuav tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb cov nyiaj ntawm 2 billion yuan nyob rau hauv Kaum ib hlis 2024 los txhawb kev tshawb fawb thiab industrialization ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau humanoid robots, nrog rau high-zoo txhuas cov ntaub ntawv.

 
Hauv kev kawm, "biomimetic honeycomb aluminium qauv" sib koom ua ke tsim los ntawm Harbin Institute of Technology thiab Tuam Tshoj Aluminium Tshawb Fawb Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv tau raug lees paub nyob rau lub Ib Hlis 2025. Cov qauv no tuaj yeem txo qhov hnyav ntawm cov neeg hlau torso los ntawm 30% thaum txhim kho khoov khov los ntawm 40%. Cov txiaj ntsig muaj feem cuam tshuam tau nkag mus rau theem ntawm patent industrialization.

Raws li lub koom haum GGII ntawm Robotics, lub ntiaj teb txhuas siv rau humanoid robots yuav yog kwv yees li 12000 tons hauv 2024, nrog rau kev lag luam loj ntawm 1.8 billion yuan. Piv txwv tias kev siv txhuas ntawm ib tus neeg hlau ib leeg yog 20-25kg (suav suav txog 30% -40% ntawm tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm lub tshuab), raws li kev kwv yees thoob ntiaj teb cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm 5 lab units los ntawm 2030, qhov kev thov rau txhuas yuav nce mus rau 100000-125000 tons, sib xws rau 1 xyoo kev lag luam loj hlob ntawm kwv yees li 8 billion. 45%.

 
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tus nqi, txij li thaum lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm 2024, tus nqi hwm ntawm high-end txhuas cov ntaub ntawv rau neeg hlau (xws li aviation qib txhuas daim hlau thiab siab thermal conductivity tuag cam khwb cia txhuas) tau nce los ntawm 15% mus rau 30%. Chav tsev tus nqi ntawm qee cov khoom customized tshaj 80000 yuan / ton, ho siab dua tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom siv txhuas (22000 yuan / ton).

 
Raws li humanoid robots iterate ntawm tus nqi ntau dua 60% ib xyoos twg, txhuas, nrog nws cov kev lag luam loj hlob thiab kev ua tau zoo tsis tu ncua, tab tom hloov los ntawm kev tsim khoom ib txwm mus rau qhov muaj nqis ntxiv. Raws li lub koom haum tshawb fawb Toubao, los ntawm 2025 txog 2028, Tuam Tshoj lub lag luam txhuas rau cov neeg hlau yuav suav txog 40% -50% ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam sib koom, thiab cov tuam txhab hauv zos 'technological breakthroughs nyob rau hauv precision molding, kev kho deg, thiab lwm yam yuav dhau los ua tus yeej tseem ceeb thiab poob.