Amarobhothi e-Humanoid asukile elabhorethri aya ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi bezentengiselwano, futhi ukulinganisa amandla angasindi kanye nesakhiwo sekuyinselelo eyinhloko.

 
Njengento yensimbi ehlanganisa ukukhanya, amandla aphezulu, nokumelana nokugqwala, i-aluminium ifinyelela ukungena ngezinga elikhulu ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile ezifana namalunga, amathambo, amasistimu okudlulisa, namagobolondo amarobhothi e-humanoid.

 
Kusukela ekupheleni kuka-2024, isidingo somhlaba wonke seama-alloys e-aluminiumembonini yamarobhothi e-humanoid ikhule ngo-62% unyaka nonyaka, yaba enye insimu yokuqhuma kwezicelo ze-aluminium ngemuva kwezimoto zamandla amasha.

 
Ukusebenza okuphelele kwe-aluminium alloy kuyenza ibe into encanyelwayo yensimbi yamarobhothi e-humanoid. Ukuminyana kwayo kuyingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kuphela yensimbi, kodwa ingathola amandla aqathaniswa nensimbi ethile ngokusebenzisa isilinganiso se-alloy kanye nokwenza kahle kwenqubo. Isibonelo, amandla athile (amandla/isilinganiso sokuminyana) we-7 series aviation aluminium (7075-T6) angafinyelela ku-200 MPa/(g/cm ³), aphakeme kunawo wonke amapulasitiki obunjiniyela, futhi enza kahle ekulahlekeni kokushisa nasekuvikeleni kazibuthe kagesi.

 
Ekuphindaphindweni kwe-Tesla Optimus-Gen2, uhlaka lwamathambo ayo luncishiswa ngo-15% kusetshenziswa ingxubevange ye-aluminium magnesium, kuyilapho kugcinwa ukuqina kwesakhiwo ngokusebenzisa i-topology optimization design; Irobhothi le-Atlas le-Boston Dynamics lisebenzisa i-aluminiyamu yamandla aphezulu ukuze lidale izingxenye zokudlulisela ezihlangene emadolweni ukuze zibhekane nomthelela wokugxuma kwemvamisa ephezulu. Ukwengeza, isistimu yokupholisa ye-Ubiquitous Walker X isebenzisa igobolondo le-aluminium ye-die cast, esebenzisa i-thermal conductivity ephezulu ye-aluminium (cishe 200 W/m · K) ukuze kuzuzwe ukuphathwa okushisayo okusebenzayo.
Njengamanje, ukuphindaphindwa kwezobuchwepheshe kwe-aluminium emkhakheni wamarobhothi e-humanoid kuyaqhubeka nokusheshisa, futhi kuye kwavela ukuphumelela okuningi ezixhumanisini ezihlukahlukene zochungechunge lwezimboni:

1. Ukusebenza ukweqa kwamandla aphezuluingxube ye-aluminiumizinto zokwakha
Ngemva kokukhishwa kwe-aluminium silicon alloy enamandla angu-450MPa ngo-September 2024, i-Lizhong Group (300428) ithole isitifiketi sebanga le-aerospace ngochungechunge lwayo lwe-7xxx ingxubevange ye-aluminium eklanyelwe amarobhothi ngo-January 2025. Le nto ikhulise amandla ayo okukhiqiza ngo-58% wokugcinwa kwe-eurolong ye-microlong rate, futhi isetshenziswe ngempumelelo kumojuli ehlangene yedolo le-biomimetic ye-Fourier Intelligence, yehlisa isisindo ngo-32% uma kuqhathaniswa nezixazululo zendabuko ze-titanium alloy. Yonke impahla yekholomu ye-aluminium eyakhiwe i-Mingtai Aluminium Industry (601677) isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokwenza i-spray deposition ukuze kukhuliswe ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal ye-radiator aluminium impahla ibe ngu-240W/(m · K), futhi inikezwe ngobuningi njengohlelo lokushayela irobhothi le-Yushu Technology's H1 humanoid.

 
2. Ukuphumelela kwezinga lemboni kubuchwepheshe obudidiyelwe bokusakaza ngokufa
Ulayini wokuqala wokukhiqiza emhlabeni we-9800T two plate super die-casting owenziwe yi-Wencan Corporation (603348) endaweni yawo yase-Chongqing ucindezele umjikelezo wokukhiqiza wamathambo amarobhothi e-humanoid ukusuka emahoreni angu-72 kuya kwangu-18. Ingxenye ye-biomimetic spine skeleton eyakhiwe yiyo ithuthukiswe ngokuklanywa kwe-topology, yehlisa amaphuzu wokushisela ngo-72%, yazuza amandla esakhiwo angu-800MPa, nokugcina izinga lokukhiqiza elingaphezu kwama-95%. Lobu buchwepheshe buthole ama-oda avela kumakhasimende aseNyakatho Melika futhi ifektri e-Mexico isakhiwa okwamanje. I-Guangdong Hongtu (002101) isungule igobolondo le-aluminium ye-die cast elinezindonga ezincane ezinogqinsi oluyi-1.2mm kuphela kodwa lifinyelela ukumelana nomthelela ongu-30kN, elisetshenziswa esakhiweni sokuvikela isifuba se-Uber Walker X.

3. Ukuqamba okusha kumshini wokunemba nokuhlanganiswa okusebenzayo
I-Nanshan Aluminium Industry (600219), ngokubambisana neNational Engineering Center for Light Alloys e-Shanghai Jiao Tong University, izokhulula i-nano reinforced aluminium based composite materials ngo-February 2025. Le nto iqiniswa ngokuhlakaza i-silicon carbide nanoparticles, ukunciphisa i-coefficient yokwandisa ukushisa kuya ku-8 × ⃶ ngokuphumelelayo ukunemba inkinga ye-drift ebangelwa ukuchithwa kokushisa okungalingani kwama-servo motors. Yethulwe ku-Tesla Optimus Gen3 supply chain. Isendlalelo se-aluminium eyinhlanganisela ye-graphene ehlanganisiwe ye-electromagnetic shielding eyakhiwe yi-Yinbang Co., Ltd. (300337) inamandla okuvikela angu-70dB kubhendi yefrikhwensi engu-10GHz kanye nogqinsi luka-0.25mm kuphela, olusetshenziswa kuhlu lwenzwa yekhanda ye-Boston Dynamics Atlas.

 
4. Ukuphumelela kwekhabhoni ephansi kobuchwepheshe be-aluminium obugaywe kabusha
Ulayini osanda kwakhiwa we-elekthronikhi owenziwe kabusha wokuhlanza i-aluminium owenziwe kabusha we-Aluminium Corporation yaseChina (601600) ungalawula ukungcola kwethusi nensimbi ku-aluminium engcolile ngaphansi kuka-5ppm, futhi wehlise i-carbon footprint ye-aluminium ekhiqizwe kabusha ngo-78% uma kuqhathaniswa ne-aluminium yokuqala. Lobu buchwepheshe buqinisekiswe yi-EU's Key Raw Materials Act futhi kulindeleke ukuthi bunikeze izinto ze-aluminium ezithobelana ne-LCA (umjikelezo wokuphila ogcwele) kumarobhothi e-Zhiyuan aqala ngo-Q2 2025.

5. Ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuqondisa izigwegwe nokusebenzisa
Ekwandeni kwezimo zezinga le-aerospace, isakhiwo se-aluminum yekhekheba lezinyosi se-biomimetic esakhiwe yi-Beijing Iron Man Technology siqinisekiswe yi-Harbin Institute of Technology, yehlisa isisindo somzimba werobhothi elihamba nge-bipedal ngo-30% futhi yandisa ukuqina kwayo okugoba ngo-40%. Isakhiwo samukela i-7075-T6 ye-aviation aluminium futhi sifinyelela ukuqina okuthile kwe-12GPa · m ³/kg ngedizayini ye-biomimetic. Kuhlelelwe ukuthi usetshenziselwe irobhothi lokulungisa isiteshi sasemkhathini eyethulwe ku-Q4 2025.

 
Lokhu kuphumelela kwezobuchwepheshe kushayela ukusetshenziswa komshini owodwa we-aluminium kumarobhothi e-humanoid ukusuka ku-20kg/unithi ngo-2024 kuya ku-28kg/unithi ngo-2025, kanti izinga le-premium le-aluminium esezingeni eliphezulu nalo lenyuke lisuka ku-15% laya ku-35%.

 
Ngokuqalisa "Imibono Eqondisayo Ekuthuthukisweni Okusha Kwemboni Yerobhothi Yabantu" nguMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi, ukusungulwa kwezinto ezintsha ze-aluminium emkhakheni wokuhlanganiswa okungasindi nokusebenza kuzoqhubeka nokusheshisa. NgoJulayi 2024, uMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi ukhiphe “Imibono Eqondisayo Ekuthuthukisweni Okusha Kwemboni Yerobhothi Ye-Humanoid”, ewusho ngokucacile umgomo “wokunqamula izinto ezingasindi kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezinembayo”, wahlanganisa nobuchwepheshe bokwenza i-aluminium alloy ngokunemba ohlwini olubalulekile locwaningo nokuthuthukiswa.

 
Ezingeni lendawo, i-Shanghai izosungula isikhwama esikhethekile sama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili ngoNovemba 2024 ukuze sisekele ucwaningo nokwenza izimboni zezinto ezibalulekile zamarobhothi e-humanoid, okuhlanganisa izinto ze-aluminium ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.

 
Emkhakheni wezemfundo, "i-biomimetic honeycomb aluminium structure" eyakhiwe ngokuhlanganyela yi-Harbin Institute of Technology kanye ne-China Aluminium Research Institute yaqinisekiswa ngoJanuwari 2025. Lesi sakhiwo singanciphisa isisindo se-robot torso ngo-30% ngenkathi sithuthukisa ukuqina kokugoba ngo-40%. Izimpumelelo ezihlobene zingene esigabeni sokusungulwa kwezimboni zelungelo lobunikazi.

Ngokusho kwe-GGII Institute of Robotics, ukusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium emhlabeni jikelele kumarobhothi e-humanoid kuzoba amathani ayi-12000 ngo-2024, nosayizi wemakethe wamayuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.8. Uma sicabanga ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium kwerobhothi elilodwa le-humanoid kungu-20-25kg (okubalwa ku-30% -40% wesisindo esiphelele somshini), ngokususelwa ekuthuthweni okulinganiselwe komhlaba wonke kwamayunithi ayizigidi ezi-5 ngo-2030, isidingo se-aluminium sizokhuphuka sifinyelele kumathani ayi-100000-125000, ahambelana nenani lemakethe elicishe libe yibhiliyoni elingu-5, elilingana nenani lemakethe elilinganiselwa ku-51 billion. 45%.

 
Ngokwamanani, kusukela engxenyeni yesibili ka-2024, izinga leprimiyamu yezinto zokwakha ze-aluminium ephezulu kakhulu yamarobhothi (njengamapuleti e-aluminium ebanga lendiza kanye ne-high-thermal conductivity die cast aluminium) lenyuke lisuka ku-15% laya ku-30%. Intengo yeyunithi yeminye imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngezifiso idlula i-yuan/ton engu-80000, iphakeme kakhulu kunesilinganiso senani lezinto ezisetshenziswa yi-aluminium yezimboni (22000 yuan/ton).

 
Njengoba amarobhothi e-humanoid ephindaphinda ngenani elingaphezu kuka-60% ngonyaka, i-aluminium, nochungechunge lwayo lwezimboni oluvuthiwe nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe okuqhubekayo, iyashintsha isuka ekukhiqizweni evamile iye ethrekhi ephezulu yokwengezwa kwenani. Ngokusho kweToubao Research Institute, kusukela ngo-2025 kuya ku-2028, imakethe ye-aluminium yaseChina yamarobhothi izobalelwa ku-40% -50% wesabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke, kanye nokuthuthuka kwamabhizinisi endawo ekubumbeni okunembayo, ukwelashwa kwendawo, nezinye izici kuzoba abawinile nabahluliwe.