A halin da ake ciki a halin da ake ciki a halin da ake ciki na cinikayyar karafa a duniya, kasuwar aluminium ta Arewacin Amurka ta shiga cikin rudani da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba, kuma matakin da Rio Tinto, babban mai kera aluminium ya yi tamkar wani babban bam ne, wanda ya kara tura wannan rikicin zuwa kololuwa.

Rikicin Rio Tinto: Mai Taimakawa Tashin Kasuwa

Kwanan nan, a cewar rahotannin kafafen yada labarai a ranar Talata, kungiyar Rio Tinto ta sanya wani kari a kan taaluminum kayayyakinana sayar da shi ga Amurka, yana yin nuni ga ƙarancin ƙima da buƙatun da suka fara wuce samar da kayayyaki. Wannan labari nan take ya haifar da taguwar ruwa dubu a kasuwar aluminium ta Arewacin Amurka. Ya kamata a lura cewa a halin yanzu Amurka ta dogara kacokan akan samar da aluminium na ƙasashen waje, tare da Kanada a matsayin mafi yawan masu samar da kayayyaki, wanda ke lissafin sama da 50% na shigo da kaya. Yunkurin Rio Tinto babu shakka yana ƙara mai a kasuwar alluminium ta Amurka da ta riga ta yi tashin hankali.

Karin cajin da Rio Tinto ya sanya wani ƙari ne akan tsarin kuɗin da ake da shi. Farashin aluminium na Amurka ya riga ya haɗa da "Premium Midwest", wanda ƙarin farashi ne sama da farashin ma'auni na London, wanda ya shafi sufuri, ɗakunan ajiya, inshora, da kashe kuɗi. Kuma wannan sabon ƙarin cajin yana ƙara ƙarin 1 zuwa 3 cents akan ƙimar Midwest. Kodayake adadin na iya zama ƙanana, tasirin yana da nisa sosai. A cewar majiyoyin da aka sanar, ƙarin kuɗin da kuma kuɗin Midwest yana ƙara ƙarin $ 2006 akan kowace ton zuwa farashin albarkatun ƙasa na kusan $2830, wanda ya haifar da jimillar ƙimar sama da 70%, wanda ma ya fi 50% na harajin shigo da kaya da Trump ya kafa. Jean Simard, shugaban kungiyar Aluminum na Kanada, ya yi nuni da cewa harajin aluminium na kashi 50% da gwamnatin Amurka ta gindaya yana kara yawan hadarin rike kayan aluminium a Amurka. Canje-canjen jadawalin kuɗin fito yana shafar tattalin arziƙin tabo da ke riƙe ma'amalar kuɗi, yana buƙatar masu siye tare da sharuɗɗan biyan kwangilar da suka wuce kwanaki 30 don biyan farashin da ya wuce kima don daidaita farashin kuɗi na masu samarwa.

Gabatarwa zuwa Tariffs: Farkon Rashin daidaituwar Kasuwa

Tun daga farkon wannan shekara, daidaitawa da gwamnatin Trump ta yi na harajin aluminium ya zama sanadin rashin daidaito a kasuwar aluminium ta Arewacin Amurka. A watan Fabrairu, Trump ya sanya harajin aluminium da kashi 25%, kuma a cikin watan Yuni ya ɗaga shi zuwa 50%, yana mai cewa yana da nufin kare masana'antun Amurka. Wannan ma'auni ya sanya aluminium na Kanada tsada da yawa ga masu sarrafa ƙarfe na Amurka da masu amfani da shi, kuma kasuwa cikin sauri ta koma cin kayyakin cikin gida da kuma musayar sito.

Halin ƙirƙira aluminium a cikin ɗakunan ajiya na London Metal Exchange a Amurka shine mafi kyawun hujja. Ma'ajiyar ta a Amurka ba ta cikin kayan aluminium, kuma an kwashe tan 125 na ƙarshe a cikin Oktoba. Ƙididdigar musayar, a matsayin garanti na ƙarshe na wadata ta jiki, yanzu yana ƙarewa na harsashi da abinci. Babban mai samar da aluminium a Amurka, Alcoa, ya kuma bayyana yayin kiran taro na kwata na uku na samun kudin shiga cewa kayan cikin gida ya isa kawai na kwanaki 35 na amfani, matakin da yawanci ke haifar da hauhawar farashin.

A lokaci guda kuma, masu kera aluminium na Quebec suna jigilar ƙarin ƙarfe zuwa Turai saboda asarar da aka yi a kasuwar Amurka. Quebec yana da kusan kashi 90% na ƙarfin samar da aluminium na Kanada kuma yana kusa da Amurka. Asali mai saye ne a kasuwannin Amurka, yanzu ta sauya alkibla saboda manufofin kudin fito, lamarin da ya kara ta'azzara karancin kayayyaki a kasuwannin Amurka.

Takamaiman magana: 'Maigidan bayan fage' wanda ke tsananta hargitsin kasuwa

Takamaiman tanade-tanade a cikin sanarwar shugaban kasar Amurka sun kara tsananta halin da ake ciki a kasuwar aluminium ta Arewacin Amurka. Wannan furucin ya nuna cewa idan aka narkar da karfen aka jefa a Amurka, kayayyakin da ake shigowa da su za a kebe su daga harajin aluminum. Wannan ƙa'idar da alama tana da nufin ƙarfafa haɓakar masana'antar aluminium ta cikin gida a Amurka, amma a zahiri ya haifar da ƙarin buƙatu na aluminium na Amurka daga masana'antun ketare. Kamfanonin ketare suna amfani da waɗannan samfuran da aka kera aluminium kuma suna jigilar su ba tare da haraji ba zuwa Amurka, suna ƙara murƙushe sararin kasuwa don samfuran aluminium na cikin gida a cikin Amurka tare da ta'azzara rashin daidaituwar wadatar kayayyaki a kasuwar aluminium ta Amurka.

Ra'ayin duniya: Arewacin Amurka ba shine 'filin yaƙi' kaɗai ba.

Ta fuskar duniya, tashin hankali a kasuwar aluminium ta Arewacin Amurka ba wani keɓantaccen yanayi ba ne. Turai, wacce ita ma mai shigo da aluminium, ta sami raguwar kusan kashi 5% a cikin kuɗin yanki idan aka kwatanta da shekara guda da ta gabata. Duk da haka, a cikin 'yan makonnin nan, saboda rushewar samar da kayayyaki da kuma aiwatar da ayyukan EU na kudaden shigo da kayayyaki bisa la'akari da hayaki mai gurbata yanayi daga hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki a shekara mai zuwa, kudaden kuɗi sun sake dawowa. Manazarta sun yi hasashen cewa yanayin da ake ciki a duniya a halin yanzu zai sa farashin ma'auni na duniya ya karkata zuwa dala 3000 kan kowace ton.

Michael Widmer, shugaban binciken karafa na bankin Amurka, ya ce idan har Amurka na son jawo hankalin al'ummomi, dole ne ta biya farashi mai yawa domin ba Amurka ce kadai ke da karancin wadata ba. Wannan ra'ayi yana nuna ƙayyadaddun matsalolin da kasuwar aluminium ta Arewacin Amurka ke fuskanta. Dangane da yanayin samar da aluminium gabaɗaya a duniya, babban manufar harajin kuɗin fito na Amurka ba wai kawai ta gaza kare masana'antun cikin gida yadda ya kamata ba, har ma ta jefa kanta cikin rikicin wadata mai zurfi.

Halin gaba: Ina kasuwa ta tashi daga nan

Lamarin da ya faru na Rio Tinto ya sanya ƙarin cajin babu shakka ya yi ƙararrawa ga kasuwar aluminium ta Arewacin Amurka. Masu cin kasuwa da 'yan kasuwa sun bayyana kasuwar yanzu a matsayin kusan ba ta da aiki, kuma ƙarin kuɗin Rio Tinto shine mafi kyawun sigina na yadda kuɗin fito na Trump ke yin illa ga tsarin kasuwa. Farashin isar da kayan aluminium a Amurka ya kai wani babban tarihi a makon da ya gabata, kuma yanayin farashin nan gaba har yanzu yana cike da rashin tabbas.

Ga gwamnatin Amurka, ko ci gaba da bin manufofin haraji mai yawa da kuma kara ta'azzara rudanin kasuwa, ko kuma sake yin nazari kan manufofi da neman hadin kai da sasantawa da abokan ciniki, ya zama zabi mai wahala a gabanmu. Ga masu halartar kasuwar aluminium ta duniya, yadda za a daidaita dabarun magance ƙarancin wadata da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a cikin wannan hargitsi kuma zai zama gwaji mai tsanani. Ta yaya wannan' guguwar 'a cikin kasuwar aluminium ta Arewacin Amurka za ta samo asali, kuma menene canje-canje za su faru a cikin yanayin kasuwar aluminium ta duniya? Ya dace a ci gaba da kula da mu.