M'nyengo yomwe ikusokonekera pamalonda azitsulo padziko lonse lapansi, msika wa aluminiyamu waku North America uli ndi chipwirikiti chomwe sichinachitikepo, ndipo kusuntha kwa Rio Tinto, wopanga ma aluminiyamu wamkulu padziko lonse lapansi, kuli ngati bomba lolemera, lomwe likukankhiranso vutoli mpaka pachimake.

Malipiro Owonjezera a Rio Tinto: Chothandizira Kuvuta Kwa Msika

Posachedwapa, malinga ndi malipoti atolankhani Lachiwiri, Gulu la Rio Tinto lapereka chiwongolero chakezopangidwa ndi aluminiyamukugulitsidwa ku United States, kutchula zotsika mtengo komanso kufunikira kwayamba kupitilira zomwe zilipo. Nkhaniyi nthawi yomweyo idayambitsa mafunde chikwi pamsika wa aluminiyamu waku North America. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti United States pakali pano imadalira kwambiri zitsulo za aluminiyamu zakunja, ndi Canada monga katundu wake wamkulu, zomwe zimawerengera zoposa 50% za katundu wake. Kusuntha kwa Rio Tinto mosakayika kukuwonjezera mafuta pamsika wa aluminiyamu waku US womwe wavuta kale.

Malipiro owonjezera omwe aperekedwa ndi Rio Tinto ndi kukwezedwa kwina kwa chindapusa chomwe chilipo. Mtengo wa aluminiyamu waku US ukuphatikiza kale "Midwest premium", yomwe ndi mtengo wowonjezera kuposa mtengo wa London benchmark, kuphimba mayendedwe, malo osungira, inshuwaransi, ndi ndalama zogulira. Ndipo chiwongola dzanja chatsopanochi chikuwonjezera masenti 1 mpaka 3 pamwamba pa Midwest premium. Ngakhale kuti ndalamazo zingawoneke ngati zazing'ono, zotsatira zake zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri. Malinga ndi magwero odziwitsidwa, chiwongola dzanja chowonjezera ku Midwest premium chimawonjezera $2006 pa tani imodzi kumtengo wamtengo wapatali wa pafupifupi $2830, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtengo wake ukhale woposa 70%, womwe ndi wokwera kwambiri kuposa 50% yamtengo wakunja wokhazikitsidwa ndi Trump. Jean Simard, mkulu wa Canadian Aluminium Association, adanena kuti 50% aluminium tariff yokhazikitsidwa ndi boma la US imawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi aluminiyamu ku US. Kusintha kwa tarifi kumakhudza kwambiri chuma chamakampani omwe ali ndi ndalama zogulira, zomwe zimafuna kuti ogula omwe ali ndi nthawi yolipirira makontrakitala yopitilira masiku 30 alipire ndalama zochulukirapo kuti athetse ndalama zokwera kwa opanga.

Kuyamba kwa Misonkho: Chiyambi cha Kusalinganika Kwamsika

Kuyambira kuchiyambi kwa chaka chino, kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka Trump pamitengo ya aluminiyamu kwakhala koyambitsa kusamvana pamsika wa aluminiyamu waku North America. Mu February, Trump adayika mtengo wa aluminiyumu pa 25%, ndipo mu June adakweza mpaka 50%, ponena kuti cholinga chake chinali kuteteza mafakitale aku America. Izi zidapangitsa kuti aluminiyamu yaku Canada ikhale yokwera mtengo kwambiri kwa mapurosesa azitsulo aku America ndi ogula, ndipo msika udasinthiratu mwachangu kutengera zinthu zam'nyumba ndikusinthanitsa zinthu zosungiramo zinthu.

Mkhalidwe wa aluminiyamu m'malo osungiramo katundu a London Metal Exchange ku United States ndi umboni wabwino kwambiri. Malo ake osungiramo katundu ku United States ali kunja kwa aluminiyumu, ndipo matani 125 otsiriza anatengedwa mu October. Kusinthana kwazinthu, monga chitsimikizo chomaliza cha kupezeka kwakuthupi, tsopano kutha ndi zida ndi chakudya. Wopanga aluminiyamu wamkulu kwambiri ku United States, Alcoa, adatinso pamsonkhano wawo wachitatu wopeza ndalama kuti zinthu zapakhomo zimangokwanira masiku 35 akumwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitengo ichuluke.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, opanga aluminiyamu ku Quebec akutumiza zitsulo zambiri ku Ulaya chifukwa cha kutayika kwa msika wa US. Quebec imapanga pafupifupi 90% ya mphamvu zopangira aluminiyamu ku Canada ndipo ili pafupi ndi United States. Poyambirira wogula mwachilengedwe pamsika waku US, tsopano asintha njira chifukwa cha ndondomeko zamitengo, zomwe zikukulitsa kusowa kwa zinthu pamsika waku US.

Ndime yeniyeni: 'Woyang'anira kuseri kwa zochitika' yemwe amakulitsa chipwirikiti pamsika

Zomwe zili mu chilengezo cha pulezidenti wa US zakulitsanso zovuta pamsika wa aluminiyamu waku North America. Ndimeyi ikunena kuti ngati chitsulocho chisungunulidwa ndikuponyedwa ku United States, zinthu zomwe zimachokera kunja sizilipidwa pamitengo ya aluminiyamu. Lamuloli likuwoneka kuti likufuna kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha mafakitale a aluminiyamu m'nyumba ku United States, koma kwenikweni adayambitsa kufunika kowonjezereka kwa aluminium yopangidwa ndi America kuchokera kwa opanga kunja. Opanga akunja amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi aluminiyumuzi ndikuzitumiza kwaulere ku United States, ndikufinyanso msika wazogulitsa za aluminiyamu zapakhomo ku United States ndikukulitsa kusalinganika kwazomwe zimafunikira pamsika wa aluminiyamu waku US.

Malingaliro adziko lonse: North America si "bwalo lankhondo" lokhalo.

Padziko lonse lapansi, kusamvana pamsika wa aluminiyamu waku North America sikungochitika zokha. Europe, yomwenso ndi yotumiza kunja kwa aluminiyamu, yatsika ndi pafupifupi 5% pamitengo yachigawo poyerekeza ndi chaka chapitacho. Komabe, m'masabata aposachedwa, chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa kaphatikizidwe komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa EU ndalama zogulira kunja kutengera kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha kuchokera munjira zopanga chaka chamawa, ndalama zolipirira zawonjezeka. Akatswiri akulosera kuti zomwe zikuchitika padziko lonse lapansi zipangitsa kuti mtengo wapadziko lonse lapansi udutse $3000 pa tani.

Michael Widmer, yemwe ndi mkulu wa kafukufuku wazitsulo ku Bank of America, adanena kuti ngati US akufuna kukopa zitsulo zotayidwa, ayenera kulipira mitengo yapamwamba chifukwa US si msika wokhawokha. Malingaliro awa akuwonetsa zovuta zomwe msika wa aluminiyamu waku North America ukukumana nawo. Potengera kukhazikika kwa aluminiyumu yapadziko lonse lapansi, kukwera mtengo kwamitengo yaku United States sikungolephera kuteteza bwino mafakitale apanyumba, komanso kudalowa m'mavuto azachuma.

Malingaliro amtsogolo: Kodi msika ukupita kuti kuchokera pano

Chochitika cha Rio Tinto kukweza ndalama zowonjezera mosakayikira chinamveka ngati chenjezo pamsika wa aluminiyamu waku North America. Ogula ndi amalonda amafotokoza msika wapano ngati wosagwira bwino ntchito, ndipo ndalama zowonjezera za Rio Tinto ndiye chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha momwe mitengo ya Trump ikuwonongera kwambiri msika. Mitengo yobweretsera aluminiyamu ku United States idakwera kwambiri sabata yatha, ndipo mayendedwe amitengo yamtsogolo akadali osatsimikizika.

Kwa boma la US, kaya lipitirizebe kutsata ndondomeko zamtengo wapatali komanso kuonjezera chisokonezo cha msika, kapena kubwereza ndondomeko ndi kufunafuna mgwirizano ndi kusagwirizana ndi ochita malonda, zakhala chisankho chovuta pamaso pathu. Kwa omwe akutenga nawo gawo pamsika wa aluminiyumu wapadziko lonse lapansi, momwe mungasinthire njira zothanirana ndi kusowa kwazinthu komanso kusinthasintha kwamitengo mu chipwirikiti ichi chidzakhalanso chiyeso chachikulu. Kodi 'mkuntho' uyu 'mumsika wa aluminiyamu waku North America udzasintha bwanji, ndipo ndi zosintha zotani zomwe zichitike pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi wa aluminiyamu? Ndikoyenera kuti tipitirizebe kusamala.